大型民机的非相似余度飞控计算机研究

Research on Dissimilar Redundant Flight Control Computers of Large Civil Aircraft

对中国自主研制的大型民机的余度飞行控制系统进行基础技术研究,设计了一套适合民机电传(FBW)系统的余度飞控计算机(FCC)新方案。提出了民机余度飞控计算机的2个设计准则:满足系统的可靠性指标和满足FO/FO/FO容错等级。然后根据这2个基本准则,给出了民机余度飞控计算机设计的7个建议,从而确定了民机余度飞行控制系统的余度数和余度结构:新型民机的余度飞行控制系统可采用非相似四余度,每个余度通道由两个支路构成比较监控结构,每个支路运行2套软件,保证软硬件系统的可靠性均衡。还确定了民机余度飞行控制系统的工作方式,使用Petri网分析了新方案的可靠性,并与B777和A320的余度飞控计算机进行了比较。

Basic research is carried out on the redundant flight control computer（FCC） of China＇s self-deve-loped civil aircrafts.A novel redundant FCC is designed,which is appropriate for the fly-by-wire（FBW） system of China＇s large civil aircrafts.Also two principles on FBW architectures design are proposed： satisfying the system reliability requirements and satisfying the FO/FO/FO fault-tolerant grade.Then seven suggestions on the FCC design are made based on these two principles.Accordingly,the redundancy number and fault-tolerant architecture of the FCC are confirmed.Specifically,four-redundant dissimilar fault-tolerant FCC are adopted,and each redundant channel is constituted of two lanes： a control lane and a monitor lane,and each lane contains two different program versions in order to balance the reliabilities of software and hardware.The proposed FCC＇s reliability is evaluated through Petri nets（PN） models with comparision with the redundant FCC of B777 and A320.The results show that the designs can satisfy the civil aircrafts＇ reliability requirements.And in the other hand,the architecture of the design is reasonably simple and can save hardware resources.In a word,the designs can be applied to the FBW＇s development for the domestic civil aircrafts.