同行业不同发展阶段产业集群内技术扩散对比研究——以山东临朐和广东大沥铝型材产业集群为例

Comparison of Technology Diffusion in the Same Industrial Clusters at Different Stages——An Empirical Study of Aluminum Industries in Dali,Guangdong and Linqu,Shandong Province

发达国家的理论观点认为,随着产业集群内部企业之间人员流动和知识交流,集群内部企业间的互动学习效应会得到增强。本文通过对临朐和大沥两个处于不同发展阶段的铝型材产业集群的对比分析,探讨集群中技术扩散过程。结果表明,与现有的集群理论观点相左,在集群发展尚处于早期的临朐,集群内部技术学习效应明显,但在相对成熟的大沥镇企业间的学习效应却并不显著。这是因为企业间的相互学习主要不是为了实现技术突破,而更多的是对现有技术的模仿和追赶。正是这种企业行为特征决定了S型的扩散曲线在发展中国家集群中的适用性。由此,集群内部的技术扩散过程应成为理解集群形成的重要视角。

Some theory produced in developed countries holds that, the effects of interactive learning by firms within the Cluster will increase with the personnel flow and knowledge communication among them. With the comparative analysis of two aluminium material industry clusters that in different development stages in Linqu and Dali, the paper discusses the technology diffusion in cluster. The result shows the opposing viewpoints of current cluster theory. Linqu, which is in the early development stage of cluster, has distinct technology study effect of inner cluster, while it＇s inconspicuous in the relatively developed industries of Dali. The reason is that the mutual study of different industries is not for techno- logical breakthrough, but for technology imitation and pursuit. It is just this kind of industrial character has decided the applicability of S diffusion curve in the clusters of developing countries. Therefore, the technology diffusion process of inner cluster should be an important viewpoint of understanding the formation of cluster.