论联想义及其语用功能

On associative meaning and its pragmatic function

联想义,是指在言语交际中,通过对某个客观对象的那些构成义位的义素和那些处于被抑制的、潜伏状态中的义素进行联想而凸现出来的、但尚未成为义位的理性义的言语意义。语义联想的思维机制是形象思维和创造性思维,它始终扣住客观对象那些具体、鲜明、生动、可感的形象特征来展开语义联想并产生联想义。这就使得语义联想呈现出发散的、辐射状的特征,使得联想义具有鲜明的形象性和极大的灵活性;人们可以运用联想义来提高语言的表达效果。

Associative meaning is obtained through the association in communication of the sememes to form a glosseme with those restrained potential ones. The thinking mechanism of semantic association is imaginal thinking and creative thingking, which start from the observation and perception of the specific, vivid characteristics of images. In this way the features of divergence and radiation of associative meaning are clearly demonstrated. As a result, the associative meaning is characterized by striking vividness and great flexibility and is often applied to make language expression more effective.