考试的权力运作与仪式化表征初探

Power Operation and Ritualistic Token of Examination

考试制度随着社会和教育的发展不断变革,原来作为"指挥棒"的导向功能却没有变,今天的考试仍然是人们走向上层社会的"敲门砖"。社会性是考试的基本属性,考试背后隐藏着知识权力的争斗。从制度层面看,考试作为一种利益分配的机制,是促进社会流动的"导向阀;"考试作为一种仪式化的存在,通过对时间和空间的控制实现了对学生身体的规训,借分数权力实现了对人群的分类与分等。

With the evolvement of education system, it has changed its original lunction as a “baton”. Instead, it has trecome a “brick” for people to knock open the superior class. Sociality is the basic attribute of examination. There is knowledge power conflict hidden behind examinations. From the angle of system, examination, as an interest-distributing mechanism, is an oriented valve which has accelerated social flow; while from a microcosmic perspective, as a ritual existence, examination realizes the discipline to the body of students by controlling of time and space, as well as the classification to the public by way of mark-power.