山东省构建农村公共服务供给机制的现状与路径

Research on Current Situation of Rural Public Service Supply Mechanism in Shandong Province and Solutions

农村公共服务供给不足是我国城乡差距的根源和表现,增加农村公共服务供给是政府解决城乡差别的现实途径。近年来,山东省积极落实各项支农惠农政策,农村公共服务供给机制建设取得显著成就,但仍存在许多问题,主要表现为:农村公共服务供给与农民需求尚有一定的差距;农村公共服务供给主体单一,供给效率低下;转移支付资金利用效率低,农村公共服务供给资金短缺。其原因主要在于:农村公共服务供给缺少有效的农民参与机制、长效筹资机制、激励与约束机制;地方政府公共服务职能的界定不清;地方政府公共财政能力与公共服务职责不对称。当前,建立与完善农村公共服务供给机制体系及其路径包括:建立与完善公共服务需求表达机制、公共服务供给分担机制、资金保障机制、激励与约束机制。

The shortage in rural public service supply results and roots from the source of the gap between urban cities and rural villages;yet,to increase the supply can solve the problem.In the past few years,Shandong province has actively reinforced measures to uphold and benefit agriculture,and striking achievements have been obtained in establishing the mechanism of rural public service supply;however,there still exist so many problems as the following： there is some gap between supply and demand of rural public service;the supplier is just only the government which leads to lower efficiency;the fund of rural public service supply is short.The reasons mainly lie in the following： the shortage of efficient rural farmers-participating mechanism,efficient money-collecting mechanism,encouraging and binding mechanism in rural public service supply;the obscurity of local government＇s functions in public service; the imbalance between government＇s financial abilities and duties in public service.Currently,we must establish and consummate the rural public service supply mechanism system,in specific,expressing mechanism of public service demand,supply shared mechanism,funds ensured mechanism,encouraging and binding mechanism etc.