“个性主义”文学的语言观与现代汉语形成期的修辞观

Linguistic Concepts of Modern Chinese Literature and Rhetoric Ideals of Modern Chinese at Their Born Time

在现代文学史上,以白话代替文言的诗歌革命,曾经把白话假定为一种最接近内心的语言,提出了"自然的音节"、"自然的韵律"等创作主张。具有个性主义倾向的小说则尝试着用一种独特的"五四语体"——倾诉式话语——抵达主体的内心世界。在现代汉语建立之初,语言学家最关心的问题也是新的语言能否真实、准确、完整地传达语言背后的内容。相对于这一问题,语言形式上繁与简、雅与俗的讨论,都不具有本质性。现代汉语的修辞理想,与现代文学的个性主义诉求高度契合,对现代文学产生了重要影响。

At the beginning of modern literary history, poets had ever assumed vernacular as a language which was closest to their heart . So they put forward a series of concepts such as ＂natural syllable＂ and ＂ natural rhythm＂. The individualism fiction writers tried to arrived the inner world with the ＂innertalking- discourse ＂, a typical May 4 Style discourse. AT the same time, the most important question which linguists cared of was if the new modern Chinese could express their ideas really, accurately and completely. Compared to this question, the discussions such as use a simple or superfluous, elegant or popular modern Chinese between linguists were all not essential. Modern Chinese rhetorical concepts were highly in agreement with the individualism concepts in modern literature, and had provided a direct rhetorical basis for modern writers.