土地利用制度的法经济学思考——兼论我国古代土地制度的法律特征

Analysis of Law and Economics on Land Use System in China

土地无论是作为生产要素,还是作为自然资源,其存在的价值就是利用。离开了对土地的利用,就失去了土地存在的意义。从经济学角度理解,土地利用的本质内涵就是进行土地资源的配置。从法经济学角度理解,土地利用的过程就是土地权利配置的过程。土地资源配置与土地权利配置是统一的,共同存在于土地利用的过程中。从土地制度演变的历史看,土地利用制度是土地制度的中心环节。从立法的角度看,建立"以土地利用为中心"的用益物权制度是公平、有效地利用土地的内在要求。

The author in this paper thinks that whether it is a kind of production factor or natural resource, the aim of land is for use. Without its use, land will be meaningless. From the view of economics, the essence of land use is the land resource allocation. From the view of law and economics, the process of the land use is just that of the land right allocation. The allocations of the land resource and the land right are united and co-exist in the course of land use. From the view of the land historic change, the land use system is at the centre of the land system. From the view of legislation, it is the inherent requirement for equitable and efficient land use to construct the land system at the centre of land use.