海南芒果园土壤环境及其对芒果品质的影响

Effect of the soil environment of mango plantation on mango quality in Hainan province

针对海南芒果(Mangifera indica)生产的环境条件进行了研究,分别在芒果园采集了植株和土壤样品,采用国家标准测定方法对比分析了各种元素的含量和分布特征,并阐明了芒果对环境条件的生态适应性。研究结果表明:海南芒果园土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷含量较低(为四级以下水平),有效钾含量相对较高。Ca、Mg、B、Ni含量较低,Cu、Mn含量较高。海南芒果种植地环境质量较好,Cr、Pb、Cd等低于国家土壤环境质量一级标准。Hg、Cu、As、Pb含量为一至二级标准。六六六、滴滴涕含量低于一级标准。海南芒果矿质元素含量丰富,农药残留量和Cr、As、Cd含量符合无公害芒果的要求。芒果对大中量元素、微量元素和有害元素(Hg、As、Cd)的生物吸收系数较大。锰主要在叶片中积累,铜则主要积累在果实中。

The plant and soil samples were collected in mango orchard to study the production environment in Hainan. The content and distribution character of different elements were analyzed by the method of National Standard to clarify mango eco-adaptability of the environment condition. The research results showed that the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phospho- rus were very low in the soil of mango plantations in Hainan province, but the available potassium was higher. The contents of Ca, Mg, B and Ni were lower, but the contents of Cu and Mn were higher. The environment quality of mango plantations in Hainan was very good. The Cr, Ph and Cd contents in soils were lower than the first level of National Standard. The contents of Hg, Cu, As and Pb in soils were during the first to second level of National Standard. The contents ofhexachlorocyclohexane and chlorophenothane were lower than the first level of National Standard. The mango plantations in Hainan were rich in mineral elments. The pesticide residue and Cr, As, Cd were accorded with the requirements of nonhazardous fruits. The biological absorption coefficients of mango to macroelements, middle-elements, trace elements and harmful elements such as Hg, As and Cd were high. The Mn was mainly accumulated in leaves. The Cu was mainly accumulated in fruit.