合作原则对会话交际的指导

Guidance of Cooperative Principle on Conversational Communication

美国语言哲学家格赖斯研究了语言使用中的哲学问题,提出了合作原则及其四条准则:数量准则、质量准则、关系准则以及方式准则。合作原则是顺利实现会话交际必不可少的因素。遵守合作原则对于提高会话交际能力具有重要的指导意义。在会话交际的过程中,谈话的参与者应根据谈话目的和要求做出自己的积极努力,尽量采取合作的态度。尽可能使所说的话语在其所发生的阶段,符合所参与的谈话所公认的目标或方向,也就是要提供足够的信息量,说真话,说有关联的话,而且要清楚地说。

Grice put forward the cooperative principle, which plays an important role in communication and is one of indispensable parts of conversational communication. It is of great significance to abide by the principle and improve learner＇ s communicative ability. In conversational communication, all participants shall cooperate with each other for the purpose of communication. The paper demonstrated common conversations to emphasize the cooperative principle.