戏曲与民歌音乐元素在歌剧《白毛女》中的吸收与运用

On Incorporation of Dramas and Ballads in the Opera of While-Haired Girl

作为20世纪中国民族歌剧的代表性作品,歌剧《白毛女》是音乐家们探索几十年后,在总结前人的失败与经验教训基础上创作的一部较为成熟的民族新歌剧。该剧在音乐创作上充分吸收并借鉴戏曲与民歌音乐元素,通过加工与改编,使之适合并发挥剧本所表现的内容。歌剧《白毛女》在创作中深受秧歌及秧歌运动的影响,并把秧歌的一些形式与内容运用到创作中;在创作中突出地方性戏曲音乐元素的作用;充分利用民歌音乐元素展示人物形象。

White-Haired Girl is a representative work of Chinese operas in the 20th century resulted from Chinese musicians＇ decades of efforts based on their predecessors＇ failures and experiences. It absorbs the music styles of many Chinese dramas and ballads, and adapts them to its specific contents. It is deeply influenced by yangge, a rural folk dance popular in North China during the first half of the 20th century, and has incorporated certain forms and contents of the latter in its composition; it highlights the roles of Chinese local dramas, and makes the best of Chinese ballads in its depiction of characters.