西周到春秋时期曹国的历史地位之评价

History Status of Cao State Comment on during West Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period

西周时期,曹国本是一个非常重要的诸侯邦国,周王室把"天下之中"的膏腴之地和最稠密的人口赐封给曹叔振铎,是具有长远的战略考量的。曹国虽然不是"以屏藩周"的最近篱墙,但和齐国、鲁国一样,是周王室在东方的重要堡垒。但是,进入春秋时期,历代曹国国君在内政和外交诸方面都毫无作为,西周以来曹国在文化上的取向也束缚了曹人的手脚,使曹国没有发挥它应有的作用和影响,甚至自顾不暇,最终日益走向衰亡。当然,东方大国齐、鲁、宋的强盛,也一步步压缩了曹国发展的空间,使曹国挣扎于大国的压迫之下,局促难伸,左右为难。回顾西周到春秋的这段曹国历史,对于先秦历史之研究无疑是有着积极的意义的。

During West Zhou Period, Cao State was an important vassal state, Royal Zhou gave uncle Cao Zhenduo the fertile terra the central of the world and the most denseness population, it was a long and far stratagem. Although Cao State was not hedge wall ＂as Zhou State barrier＂, together with Qi State and Lu State, it was Royal Zhoug eastern fortress. But during the Spring and Autumn period, past dynasties Cao State monarch failed internally and diplomaticaly, since West Zhou Period, the Cao State culture fettered the Cao people, and finally walk up to contabescence. Sure, the east strong states Qi State, Lu State and Song State reduced the Cao State developmental space, too. The study of Cao State during West Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period is of importance for the study of Pre - Qin history.