高精度倾斜仪研究进展

Research Development of Tiltmeter with High Precision

高精度倾斜仪是地壳形变观测仪器的重要组成部分,可广泛应用于固体潮汐的观测、大型陆基科学仪器(如激光干涉引力波天线)地面倾斜运动的测量以及地质灾害的监测与预警等方面。根据仪器基线的长度,高精度倾斜仪可以分为长基线倾斜仪和短基线倾斜仪两大类,介绍了它们的基本原理和优缺点。目前,出现了一些新型的高精度倾斜仪,阐述了这些新一代倾斜仪的工作原理、微位移传感器以及仪器灵敏度标定等方面的研究进展,分析了高精度倾斜仪的发展趋势。

High precision tiltmeter is an important part of instrument for detecting earth crust distortion and it can be widely applied to not only measure earth tides and the floor tilt of some large scientific equipment such as laser interferometer gravitational wave observation antenna placed on land etc, but also detect and pre-alarm geological disaster. According to the base length, high precision tiltmeter can be divided into long-base tiltmeter and short-base tiltmeter, and the research development about the principle, the strongpoint and shortcoming of these tiltmeters is introduced. At present, there are some new-type tiltmeter with high precision and the principle of these new generation tiltmeters and mini-displacement sensors are explained together with sensitivity calibration. Finally, the development trend in the future of high precision tiltemter is analyzed.