流行性乙型脑炎高发地区预防控制策略研究

Prevention and Control Strategy on Japanese Encephalitis in High Incidence Areas

目的探讨流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)高发地区预防控制的有效策略。方法在乙脑高发县开展宣传教育、乙脑疫苗(Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine,JEV)预防接种和病例监测,以访谈、现场观察评价居民乙脑预防控制知识、态度和行为(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice,KAP)的改变。结果项目县乙脑发病率得到有效控制,居民乙脑预防控制KAP有明显改变。同时JEV收费较高,在一定程度上影响了JEV接种率。结论乙脑高发地区应积极开展宣传教育、病例监测和JEV预防接种,将JEV纳入国家免疫规划。

Objective To discuss effective strategies for prevention and control Japanese Encephalitis （JE） in the areas with high incidence rate. Methods Health Education on Japanese Encephalitic in high incidence areas,JE vaccination and case surveillanc are carried on in the high incident areas. And the knowledge,attitude,and practice （KAP） about JE for inhabitants were evaluated by visiting and observing in the field. Results The incidence of JE has declined obviously. The KAP of the inhabitants has run well. But the coverage of JEV was lower as the expensive fee for vaccinating. Conclusion The strategies, such as IEC, JEV vaccinating and case surveillance should be carried on,and the JE vaccines should been integrated into national immunization program （NIP）.