“和而不同”的社会心理学分析

Analysis on"Harmony but Difference"from the Perspective of Social Psychology

儒家传统文化对于"和而不同"的关注由来已久,然而相关的学术研究却多局限于哲学思辨层面。时至今日,从人们的日常生活出发,进而探讨其内在机制的社会心理学研究也尤为必要。从人际互动的角度来讲,"和而不同"的心理学定义是指,即使互动双方在社会属性或主观想法间存在诸多差异,却依然对于两者间的人际关系表示满意。采用"和而不同"的方式处理人际问题的优越性体现在,它可以让人们在"归属"(人际关系和谐)与"独特"(内在心理和谐)两类基本需要上同时得到最大的满足,其内在的心理学机制主要表现为"推己及人,换位思考",这一点在维护"面子"行为之中的表现尤为明显。

The paper analyzed the value of ＂harmony but difference＂ from the perspective of personal interaction. It was proposed that adopting the means of ＂harmony but difference＂ can make people satisfy with the need of belonging and particularity mostly. The mechanism of ＂harmony but difference＂ was believed as thinking on the others＇sides that was significant in behaviors related to face.