沙枣花精油提取工艺优化及开花周期精油含量质量研究

Study on processing technology,content and quality of essential oil in flowers of Elaegnus angustifolia.

采用水蒸气蒸馏法研究沙枣花中精油的含量,用直观分析法研究精油的性质,用正交实验设计研究精油的提取工艺条件。结果表明:沙枣花精油的动态积累有一定规律,精油含量在花开率小于80%时不断增加,到花开率为80%时达最高峰,之后又逐渐下降,确定花开率80%是沙枣花的最佳采收期;精油提取最优工艺条件为:料液比1∶4、氯化钠浓度2.5%、PVA浓度0.10%、蒸馏时间3.0h,在此条件下,沙枣花精油含量达1.21%。

To research the accumulation of the content, quality and extraction conditions of essential oil in flowers of Elaegnus angustifolia, water-steam distillation was used to study the content of essential oil, orthogonal experiment was used to study extraction technology of essential oil, directly analysis was used to evaluate the quality of essential oil. The result showed that the dynamic accumulation of essential oil in flowers of Elaegnus angustifolia was regularity. The essential oil content increased continuously before the blooming rate was small 80%, and the optimum harvest time was that the blooming rate was 80% ; the optimum extraction conditions were ratio of water to flowers 4：1 （V/W）, distilling time for 3.0h, sodium chloride concentration 2.5%, PVA 0.10%. Under these extracting conditions, the content of essential oil was 1.21 %.