EDXRF微量元素分析在文物断源断代中的研究

Study on the Cultural Relic Material Site and Period by EDXRF

能量色散X荧光分析(EDXRF)是重要的元素成分析方法之一,现已成为一种强有力的定性和精确定量的无损分析测试技术。能量色散X荧光分析(EDXRF)技术具有不破坏分析样品,并能快速进行钠(Z11)至铀(Z92)的多元素的同时分析,以及分析的浓度范围宽广,精度高等特点,因此,特别适合于进行文物材料的成分分析研究,尤其适合测试极其珍贵的古陶瓷完整文物样品分析与鉴定。文章运用该方法对选自杭州南宋官窑窑址、龙泉古窑址出土的14个样品的南宋官窑青瓷、南宋龙泉窑青瓷和现代仿古青瓷等进行了元素分析的对比研究,分析测定古陶瓷样品中胎、釉的主、次量及微量元素组成,寻找组成中的"指纹"特征元素,试图为古陶瓷文物的断源、断代研究和真伪鉴定提供科学依据。研究结果表明能量色散X荧光分析(EDXRF)是一种较理想的文物研究和鉴定的科学分析手段。

With the development of the element analysis technology, the energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence （EDXRF） technique is now well established as a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative elements analyses when studying on the cultural relic materials~ Being characteristic of quick and non-destructive analysis, involving high-precision, a wide concentration range, easy sample preparation, good reproducibility and synchronously analyzing the elements from Na（Zll） to U（Z92）, this technique is appropriate for analyzing precious ancient ceramics. In the present study, the major, minor and trace elements compositions of 6 samples from Guan kiln in the southern song dynasty, 6 samples from Longquan kiln in the Southern Song dynasty and 2 modem imitations were analyzed by EDXRF. The results prove further that the raw materials in Hangzhou and Longquan are different and stable, and show that EDXRF is a successful and feasible method for identifying the provenance and dynasty an ancient ceramic originated from.