数字X射线图像处理及直接测定物体微密度的研究

A Study on Image Processing of Digital Radiography and Measure of Material Micro-Density Directly

数字X射线图像(DR图像)由于受成像设备内部因素和外界环境的影响,其图像噪声较大,且背景亮度不均匀,因此,若要正确地识别图像,必须对其进行处理。本文对数字X射线图像进行了分析,采用自适应滤波、直方图均衡技术和差影法理论对图像进行处理,结果表明:图像处理可以消除噪声、增强图像亮度、矫正背景误差。为了进一步验证该处理方法的可行性,文章以非均质材料杨树木材为实验材料,应用数字X射线图像的灰度值与穿透物材料密度的线性关系直接测定物体微密度,将DR图像法测定的结果与微密度测量仪测定的结果进行对比,结果表明:对于早晚材难以识别的杨树木材,DR图像系统测定的结果比微密度仪更准确,DR图像法直接测量物体微密度值是可行的。

Due to the high influents of the device itself and the surrounding environment, the background brightness of the digital radiography image is uniform and the image shows big noise. Therefore, in order to identify digital radiography images precisely, a further image processing is necessary. In thisstudy, adaptive filtering, histogram equalization techniques and difference image methods were used for image processing and the results show that these techniques were useful to denoise, to intensify bright- ness and to rectify the background. In order to verify the feasibility of these techniques, poplar wood samples of heterogeneous material were used as experimental materials and Micro-density was measured directly by applying the linear relationship between grey scale of DR image and penetrate material density and contrasted with the result of microdensitometer. The results show these techniques were feasible and even gave a more precise measurement on wood micro-density compared to microdensitometer.