猪脑死亡模型建立及建立过程中血压、心率变化

The changes of BP,HR in the establishment of brain-dead model for pigs

目的采用改进的缓慢间断颅内加压法建立猪脑死亡模型,观察建立过程中血压、心率变化。方法长白猪12头,随机分为对照组(C组)和脑死亡组(B组),每组6头。C组维持麻醉24h,仅行开颅术并颅内放置Foley气囊导管,不建立脑死亡模型;B组应用改进的缓慢间断颅内加压法建立脑死亡模型,通过呼吸、循环支持维持猪脑死亡状态24h。监测2组动物在实验过程中平均动脉压(mean artery pressure,MAP)、心率(heart rate,HR)变化。结果B组6头猪均成功建立脑死亡模型。经Foley气囊导管缓慢间断颅内加压后,B组动物血压、心率缓慢下降后骤然升高,呼吸频率减慢、呼吸幅度加深,平均峰值动脉压和平均峰值心率与颅内加压前MAP、HR比较,差异有统计学意义;脑死亡后6、12和24h,B组猪MAP和HR与C组比较,差异有统计学意义。结论应用改进的缓慢间断颅内加压法可成功制作猪脑死亡模型,经有效的呼吸和循环支持,能稳定地维持猪脑死亡状态24h,为进一步研究脑死亡状态下猪肝脏形态和功能变化提供了坚实基础。

Objective To establish the brain- dead model by increasing intracranial pressure in a modified, slow, and intermittent way, observe the changes of BP, HR during establishment. Methods A total of 12 healthy pigs were randomized to control group（ Group C）and brain - dead group（ Group B）, with 6 pigs in each group. The group C were placed Foley balloon catheter in intracalvarium only; no brain - dead model established. Brain - dead model was established in group B by increasing intracranial pressure in a modified, slow, and intermittent way, and brain - dead state was maintained for 24 h by respiration and circulation supports. MAP, heart rate were detected. Results Brain - dead model was established successfully in Group B （6 pigs）. After increasing intracranial pressure, the HR, BP in group B decreased slowly, and then increased sharply; breathing rate was stepped down, breath argument was deepened, the mean peak BP and the mean peak HR have significant difference compared with those before intracranial pressure increased. There was significant difference between group B and C on MAP and HR after brain-dead for 6 h. Conclusions The experiment applied an improved method of slow and intermittent encephalic pressure increase to establish pig BD model, which could simulate clinical BD state effectively. Porcine BD state could be maintained stably for more than 24 hours via effective respiration and circulation sustaining, which is helpful to the further observation of organs configuration and function changes in brain-dead state.