友好的“敌人”——略论短篇小说《异乡客》中的“敌人”形象

A Friendly "Foe"——On the "enemy" characters in the short fiction of Guests of the Nation

由于国家利益的不同,霍金斯与贝尔切理所当然地成为"我们"的"敌人"。令人讶异的是,通过作者苦心安排的近距离接触,"我们"却发现他们同"我们"身边的亲人与"朋友"并无二致。正是由于这份历经岁月沉积残留下来的相似性,唤醒了我们潜意识中对同类的认同和亲切感,使我们成为亲密无间的"朋友"和"兄弟"。不幸的是,人类文明发展过程中的国家、民族的利益,将人类硬生生地划分为"敌人"和"朋友"。本文拟对《异乡客》中的"敌人"形象进行系统的剖析与归纳,展现战争与人性的冲突,将作者关于人性、战争的思考作一系统的铺陈。

Both Hawkins and Belcher were naturally ＂enemies＂ of ＂us＂ because of different national interests. Surprisingly through close contact with them which was designed by the author on purpose, we＂ found them just like our relatives and friends. It＇s the accurate likeness deposited by the passing time that awoke our unconscious agreement and intimacy with our peers, thus making us become close ＂friends＂ and ＂brothers＂. Unfortunately, human beings are divided into ＂enemies＂ and ＂friends＂ insensibly out of different national interests during the process of human civilization. This paper, by focusing on a system- atic analysis and generalization of the ＂enemy＂ characters in the fiction of Guests of the Nation I attempted to show readers the conflicts between wars and human nature, thus making a presentation of the author＇s reflection on them.