硫酸镁对蚕豆根尖细胞遗传毒性的研究

Genetic Toxicity of Magnesium Sulfate to Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba

目的研究硫酸镁对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应。方法选取根尖长度为1.5～2cm的蚕豆,分别用0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.175%,0.2%的硫酸镁溶液进行诱变处理6h,以蒸馏水为阴性对照组,以0.05%重铬酸钾溶液为阳性对照组。同时,用0.15%的硫酸镁溶液分别处理蚕豆根尖0、2、4、6、8、10h。恢复培养24h后,将根尖固定、酸解、染色、压片和镜检,并计算微核率和染色体畸变率。结果与阴性对照组相比较,0.1%,0.15%,0.175%,0.2%硫酸镁剂量组蚕豆根尖细胞微核率较高,0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.175%,0.2%硫酸镁剂量组蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变率较高,经χ2检验,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与染毒前比较,染毒2、4、6、8、10h组的蚕豆根尖细胞微核率和染色体畸变率均较高,经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。且随着硫酸镁溶液浓度的升高和处理时间的延长,蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率和染色体畸变率均呈先上升后下降的趋势。结论硫酸镁对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的遗传毒性效应。

Objective To study the genetic toxicity of magnesium sulfate to the root tip cells of Viciafaba. Methods The root tip cells of Viciafaba with 1.5-2 cm root tip were taken as the subjects and were exposed to magnesium sulfate of different concentrations（0.50%-2.00%） for 6 h. In the other test, the cells were treated with 1.5% magnesium sulfate for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours respectively. The distilled water and potassium dichromate （0.05%） were used as the negative and positive control respectively. The micronucleus and the chromosomal aberration were calculated after 24 hours of culture. Results Compared with the negative control group, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.175% and 0.2% of magnesium sulfate increased the micronucleus and 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.175%, 0.2% of magnesium sulfate increased the chromosomal aberration in Viciafaba root tip cells. Compared with the control group （0 h）, both of the micronucleus and the chromosomal aberration of Viciafaba root tip cells increased （P〈0.01）. As the increase of the concentration of magnesium sulfate and time, the micronucleus and the chromosomal aberration of Viciafaba root tip cells increased first and then decreased. Conclusion Magnesium sulfate has significant genotoxicity to Viciafaba root tip cells.