饮用水中卤乙酸分析技术和方法进展

Development of Techniques and Methods for Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water

卤乙酸是饮用水氯化消毒中一类主要的消毒副产物,由于具有致癌风险,许多国家都将其列为常规监测指标。为了更好地控制饮用水中卤乙酸的形成,各国研究人员开发出多种分析技术和方法。笔者综述了卤乙酸的各种分析技术和方法的进展,从技术成本、方法的检出限、选择性、抗干扰能力和样品前处理等方面进行比较,得出电喷雾质谱技术是理想的选择,但仪器成本和运行成本限制了该技术的推广。基于气相色谱技术的标准方法仍是分析卤乙酸的最主要方法。

Haloacetic acids are the main disinfection by-products in chlorinated drinking water, which are known or suspected to carcinogenic. Many countries have promulgated haloacetic acids as the routine monitoring item for drinking water safety. In order to better control the formation of haloacetic acids in chlorinated drinking water, many techniques and analysis methods were exploited. This review summarized the development of techniques and analysis methods and the comparative analysis was conducted in technique cost, method detection limit, sensitivity, resistance to disturb and sample pretreatment. The electrospray mass spectrometry is the best choice, but the instrument and operation cost is much higher, so the standard method based on the gas chromatography will still be the popular method for drinking water quality analysis.