论自决权的性质之争及其界定

On Contention over the Nature of Self-determination Right and Its Definition

自决权具有多重性质,它不仅是国际法上的一项基本原则,也是国际法上的一项基本权利;狭义上的自决权单指政治独立权,而广义上的自决权不仅包括政治独立权,也包括经济独立权和文化独立权;它不是一次性权利,而是一项在一定条件下可以反复行使的永久性权利;它的实现形式除了独立之外,还有与他国合并或并入他国等;它在权利所有层面上表现为绝对性权利,而在权利行使层面上却表现为相对性权利;它基本上超越了传统的国际习惯法的性质,而更多地表现为国际强行法的性质。

The right of self-determination has multiple natures; it is not only an basic principle, but also an basic right in international law. The right of self-determination only refers to the political independent right in a narrow sense, but it not only includes the political independent right but also those rights of economical and cultural autonomy in broad sense. It is not the right of only exercising one time, but the permanent one that may exercise repeatedly under the certain condition. Its realized form includes the independence, merging with other country or being merged into other country and so on. It is an absolute right by ownership, but is a relative one in exercise. It has surmounted the traditionally international law nature, more displaying the international imperative law right.