先秦儒家关于道德品性的思考

Pre-Qin Confucianism on Ethics and Behavior

道德品性的培养,是构建和谐社会的基础工程,也是先秦儒家重点思考的一个问题。孔子将"为仁"作为道德品性培养的最高目标,并从"为仁"的基础、"为仁"的方法、"为仁"的作用等三个方面,加以阐述。孟子提出了人性本善,人人皆可为尧舜的思想,为孔子"为仁"学说找到了人性根源与普世意义。荀子则认为人性本恶,从另一个角度为道德品性培养的普世性找到了人性根据。性善与性恶,殊途而同归,都是为了道德品性培养的必要性寻找理由。

The education of ethics and behavior is the foundation of a harmonious society and a key topic that pre-Qin confucianism focused. Confucious sees ＇behavingethical＇ as the ultimate goal of ethics and behavior education, and elaborates it in aspects of foundation, method, and effect. Mencius put forward the ＇nice human nature＇ theory, which provides the humanity base and source of popularity for Confucious theory. Xun zi has an opposite theory and sees human nature evil, which from a different angle provides the humanity base for Confucious theory. Two opposite theories lead to the same conclusion and find the reason for ethics and behavior education.