基于Malmquist指数的钢铁企业效率测度分析

An Efficiency Analysis of Steel Corporations Based on Malmquist Index

评估钢铁企业的效率是研究、规划、调控钢铁工业发展的重要依据,文章运用基于DEA模型的Malmquist方法研究了2001～2006年中国钢铁类上市公司效率改善指数、技术进步效率指数和全要素生产率指数的变化。结果表明,钢铁企业的全要素生产率增长主要是由技术进步推动的,目前大部分钢铁企业的规模效率没有达到最优。通过分析,认为提高钢铁企业的技术效率是钢铁业发展的主要方向,同时应走钢铁生产规模化经营之路以提高规模效率,促进钢铁企业全要素生产率的增长。

This paper studies pure technological efficiency, scale efficiency, technological change and total factor productivity change of Chinese listed steel companies based on DEA model over the period of 2001-2006. The results show that the growth of steel corporations＇ total factor productivity is mainly promoted by the technology change rather than the efficiency change, and most of steel corporations do not reach their optimal scale. The paper also points out the development of steel industry should focus on the improvement of technology change and pure technology efficiency. Meanwhile, steel industry should implement centralized scale production to promote the increase of steel industry total factor productivity.