后社会主义国家转型的结构性危机与国家建构

Structural Crisis and State Construction due to the Transformation of Post-Socialist Countries

1989年东欧剧变以来后社会主义国家的转型进程引人注目。受新自由主义思潮的影响,许多转型国家削弱了国家对市场经济的宏观调控职能,忽视相应的支持性制度建构。与此同时,不具备条件的草率民主化造成了激烈的权力斗争、党派冲突、政局动荡,并导致了政府经济改革政策的不连贯性。作为结果,许多转型国家既没有实现经济增长又没有实现民主的巩固与发展,陷入了结构性危机。转型国家要实现增长与民主目标,首先需要开展国家建构,提高国家能力。走出民主化与市场化相颉颃的怪圈并不是废止民主化,而是深入推进以广泛的公众参与为目标的民主化。

Since the dramatic change of some East European socialist countries is paid great attention to. Many transformed countries in 1989, the transformation of countries reduce the state power of the macro-regulation of market economy but ignore relevant supportive construction of the system. At the same time, immature, rash democratic process leads to intense struggle for power, conflicts among different parties and turbulent political situation as well as the inconsistent policy of economic reform of the government. As a result, many transformed countries neither realize economic growth nor the consolidation and development of democracy, resulting in a structural crisis. In order to realize economic growth and democracy, those countries need a national construction and improve national power. Getting rid of the paradox of economic growth and democratic process does not mean the abolition of the latter, but the extensive participation of the public to it.