灌淤土小麦/玉米间套不同供磷水平群体产量和根系生长形态分析

Effect of phosphorus supplying level on soil in root growth and yield on wheat/maize intercropping populations

采用根箱法在不同供磷水平下，对春小麦和玉米在间作和单作情况下的产量和根系形态进行了比较研究。结果表明，适量的供磷能促进小麦、玉米产量的提高，过高反而减少。在施纯P2O5 0．1g／kg土（Pt）、0．2g／kg土（P2）、0．3g／kg土（P3）的3个供磷水平下，P2水平和P3水平比P1水平总体产量增长55．09％和40．17%；籽粒产量增长51．28％和56．27％。单作小麦生物产量提高了35．89％～41．11％，穗粒重提高了21．71％～65．79％。随供磷水平的增加，整个根系根重基本上呈现出先增加后减少的趋势，但均高于低磷水平。单作小麦和间作玉米的根长在0～50cm的土层中随供磷水平的增高，呈增长趋势，相对于低磷水平其增长幅度分别为11．78％～31．16％和39．83％～53．76％，雨单作玉米根长呈先增加后减少的趋势。

An experiment was carried out in difference phosphorus levels by root to study the yield and root morphology between intercropping and monoculture in spring wheat and maize. The results showed that appropriate phosphorus can increase wheat and maize yield, but more phosphorus can decrease. The phosphorus was divided into three levels, that was 0.1 g/kg（P1） , 0.2 g/kg（P2） and 0.3 g/kg（P3）. Compared with P1 level, the total yield was increased by 55.09 % and 40.17 % in P2 level and P3 level, the grain yield were increased by 51.28% and 56.27%, the biomass of mono-wheat increased by 35.89% and 40.17%, and the weight of perear increased 21.71% -65.79 %. Copared with low phosphorus, the weight of root was increased, while too higher phosphorus caused decrease, The length of root in monoculture wheat and intercropping maize were in- creased with the phosphorus levels increase. Compared to low phosphorus（P1）, the length of root was increased by 11.78 % -31.16 % in monoculture wheat, and the length of root was increased by 39.83 % -53.76 % in intercropping maize, but the length of root in monomaize was increased at first while decreased later with the phosphorus increase.