电力市场定价机制对不同类型机组配置结构的影响

Impacts of Different Pricing Mechanisms on Unit Allocation Structure in the Electricity Market

电力市场中的定价机制主要包括电力交易所一部制电价和电力库两部制电价2种。定价机制不仅对总装机容量产生影响,也会使机组的类型配置偏离社会最佳组合,最终导致总发电成本的上升。在完全竞争的电力市场中,研究了2种定价机制对不同类型发电机组配置结构的影响,发现电力库模式中的容量费用会导致峰荷机组的过度投资,而附加费用和高峰需求的不确定性会导致基荷机组的过度投资。

The pricing mechanism in the electricity market mainly includes two kinds of mechanisms, one single price in power exchange and another two-part tariff in power pool. The pricing mechanisms have effects on total installed capacity, and may make the unit allocation structure deviate from the social optimum to finally cause the total generation cost rising. This paper analyzes the impacts of two pricing mechanisms on the generation unit allocation structure in a complete competition electricity market. The results show that the capacity payment can lead to the over-investment in peak units, while uplift and the uncertainty of peak demand lead to the excessive investment in basement units.