工作场所空气中矿物油烟雾浓度测定方法的研究

Method for concentration determination of mineral-oil fog in the air of workplace

目的研究工作场所空气中矿物油烟雾浓度的测定方法。方法选择混合纤维滤膜、超细玻璃纤维滤膜、慢性定量滤纸、微孔滤膜4种滤料，用2种粉尘采样器在生产现场进行短时间高采气流量和长时间低采气流量采样，用电子分析天平称重，以滤料的采样效率和增量大小为主要指标。分析比较不同滤料对矿物油烟雾的采样吸附能力。结果混合纤维滤膜在10～20L／min的采气流量和采样10～15min（10L／min可采样20min），平均采样效率为95．61％，增量在0．87～2．60mg；超细玻璃纤维滤膜在10～20L／min采样流量下，采样10～20min，平均采样效率为97．57％，增量在0．75～2．47mg；在5～10L／min采样流量下，采样10～20min，慢性定量滤纸和微孔滤膜平均采样效率分别为48．94％和63．15％，增量分别为0．75～2．15mg和0．23～0．85mg。在采气流量为3．5L／min、采样时间为100～166min时，超细玻璃纤维滤膜和混合纤维滤膜的平均采样效率分别为94．44％和93．45％，平均增量超细玻璃纤维滤膜为1．28mg，混合纤维滤膜为0．78mg；慢性定量滤纸和微孔滤膜平均采样效率分别为37．65％和88．21％，平均增量分别为4．30、1．23mg。结论利用混合纤维和超细玻璃纤维滤膜采样的滤膜称重法测定工作场所空气中矿物油烟雾浓度是一种准确可靠、简单可行的方法。

Objective To study the method of concentration determination of mineral-oil fog in the air of workplace. Methods Four filter films such as synthetic fabric filter film, beta glass fiber filter film, chronic filter paper and microporous film were used in this study. Two kinds of dust samplers were used to collect the sample, one sampling at fast flow rate in a short time and the other sampling at slow flow rate with long duration. Subsequently ,the filter membrane was weighed with electronic analytical balance. According to sampling efficiency and incremental size, the adsorbent ability of four different filter membranes was compared. Results When the flow rate was between 10-20 L/min and the sampling time was between 10-15 min,the average sampling efficiency of synthetic fabric filter film was 95.61% and the increased weight ranged from 0.87 to 2.60 mg. When the flow rate was between 10-20 L/min and sampling time was between 10-15 min,the average sampling efficiency of beta glass fiber filter film was 97.57% and the increased weight was 0.75-2.47 mg. When the flow rate was between 5-10L/min and the sampling time between 10-20 min, the average sampling efficiency of chronic filterpaper and microporous film was 48.94% and 63.15% ,respectively and the increased weight was 0.75-2.15 mg and 0.23-0.85 mg,respectively. When the flow rate was 3.5 L/min and the sampling time was between 100-166 min,the average sampling efficiency of filter film were 94.44% and 93.45% ,respectively and the average increased weight was 1.28 mg for beta glass fiber filter film and 0.78 mg for beta glass fiber filter film and synthetic fabric synthetic fabric filter film. The average sampling efficiency of chronic filterpaper and microporous film were 37.65% and 85.21% ,respectively. The average increased weight was 4.30 mg and 1.23 mg, respectively. Conclusion Sampling with synthetic fabric filter film and beta glass fiber filter film is credible, accurate, simple and feasible for determination of the concentration of mineral-oil fog in workplaces.