论核心力量及其在竞技体育中的训练——起源·问题·发展

Discussion on Core Strength and Training in Competitive Sports——Origin,Problem,Development

核心力量是指人体核心部位(腰椎—骨盆—髋关节)的肌肉,以稳定人体核心部位、控制重心运动、传递上下肢力量为主要目的产生的力量能力,它主要受神经支配能力、核心部位肌肉的支撑力量能力和呼吸与运动之间的配合等3方面因素的影响。核心力量不同于传统的力量训练,它更加突出神经对肌肉的支配与控制,更加强调小肌群的发展以及大肌群与小肌群之间的协作,更加重视力量与协调和柔韧之间的联系。核心力量是一种刚由康复和健身领域进入竞技运动训练的新型力量素质,在理论研究、训练方法、检测与评定以及与传统力量训练之间的关系等方面仍然存在许多亟待解决的问题。

Core strength is the strength capacity of core parts of the body including the spree, pelvis and hips. It is responsible for stabilizing core parts of the body, controlling the locomotion of the center of gravity and transferring the strength from the lower limbs to the upper limbs. It is mainly influenced by the three aspects as follows： the control ability of nervous, supporting strength capacity of muscles of the body core parts and cooperation of respiratory system and exercise. The training of core strength is different from the traditional resistance exercise. It places more emphasis on neural control on muscles, the development of small muscles, cooperation of big muscles and small muscles and the relationship in the strength, coordination and flexibility. Core strength is a new kind strength capacity which is introduced by rehabilitation and fitness field into competitive sports training. There are many problems still need to be solved in the following aspects ： the study of the theory, the methods of the training, the test and evaluation and the relationship between core strength training and traditional resistance exercise.