中国优秀运动员肺功能及相关因素分析

The Relation of Pulmonary Function to the Sports Events and Previous Illness in Chinese Elite Athletes

目的:了解中国优秀运动员参加大赛前的肺功能状况与相关因素的影响。方法:对参加2006年多哈亚运会的中国国家队285名运动员(共4个项群、27个运动项目)进行了系统肺功能检测与相关因素问诊。结果:(1)全体受检运动员中出现肺通气功能异常者78名,小气道功能减弱者59名,两项共137名,占受检总数的48.1%,尤以耐力类项群和对抗类项群居多,且VC、FVC、FEV1/FVC%各项群间存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。(2)既往患肺炎、支气管炎运动员的FEV1/FVC%、MEF50%及MEF25%显著低于既往其他疾病组和无既往疾病组(P<0.05),且肺通气功能异常及小气道功能减弱者百分比也高于另两组运动员。结论:中国优秀运动员的肺功能异常主要与项群特点有关,既往肺炎、支气管炎病史也对其具有一定提示作用。

Objective To determine the pulmonary function and its related factors of Chinese elite athletes. Methods The pulmonary function of 285 Chinese elite athletes attending 2006 Doha Asian Games was measured at rest. Meanwhile, the symptoms of respiratory system during exercise and the clinical history of all athletes were recorded. Results （1） 78 of 285 athletes had the obstructive abnormalities and 59 of the athletes exhibited abnormal small airway function, accounting for 48.1% of the total（137/285）. The majority of the athletes with abnormal pulmonary were involved in endurance and counterwork events. （2）The FEV1/FVC%, MEF50% and MEF25% in athletes with history of pneumonia and bronchitis were lower than that in athletes with history of tracheitis, pharyngitis and rhinitis or without clinical history of respiratory system（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The obstructive abnormalities and abnormal small airway function were observed in elite athletes, especially in those involved in endurance and counterwork events. And the abnormal pulmonary function was related to the history of pneumonia and bronchitis.