四物汤及衍化方香附四物汤挥发性成分与子宫平滑肌收缩效应相关性分析

An Analysis of Bioactive Components in Siwu Decoction and Xiangfu Siwu Decoction Oils

目的:探讨四物汤及类方香附四物汤挥发性成分与子宫平滑肌收缩效应之间的相关性。方法:采用GC-MS联用技术对四物汤、香附四物汤及组方中富含挥发性成分药材当归、川芎、香附、木香的挥发油成分进行分析鉴定;采用小鼠离体子宫收缩试验对四物汤、香附四物汤及组方药材挥发性成分的生物效应进行评价;选择相对含量高于1%的挥发性成分(53个)与子宫收缩效应的生物信息建立多变量数学模型,采用主成分分析(PCA)法对其相关性进行分析评价。结果:四物汤、香附四物汤挥发油的GC-MSTIC化学信号主要来源于当归、川芎药材的贡献;香附四物汤中对应于香附、木香的挥发性成分信号数及相对丰度表现均不及两药材挥发油各自的组成及相对含量;PCA分析结果表明21个化学成分对活性贡献率较大,其中对四物汤挥发油活性贡献率较大的成分主要有:(Z)-ligustilide、cis-ocimene、γ-selinene、Spathulenol、3-butylidene phathalide、(E)-ligustilide等;对香附四物汤挥发油活性贡献率较大的成分主要有:Dehydrocostuslactone、Cyperene、β-caryophyllene、γ-selinene、Curcumene、α-elemene、β- cyperone、α-cvperone、(Z)-ligustilide、Squalene等,分析结果支持了本实验结果。结论:香附四物汤中的挥发油部位具有显著的抑制子宫平滑肌收缩效应;香附四物汤挥发油活性优于四物汤及各组方药材挥发油。其中作为行气、止痛、调经常用药材的香附、木香挥发性成分与治疗气滞血瘀型痛经密切相关。同时,本文采用的GC-MS和PCA联用方法可以较客观的评价化学成分对活性的贡献率,分析化学成分与生物效应之间的相关性,故该方法可为方剂复杂效应物质的阐明提供思路和方法的借鉴与参考。

This is a study to evaluate the correlation between volatile components and bioactivity of both ＇Si-Wu Decoction＇ and ＇Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu decoction＇. In the study, chemical compositions of essential oils distilled from ＇Si-Wu Decoction＇ and ＇Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu Decoction＇ and their major constituting herbs （Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Cyperus rotundus, Saussurea lappa） were analyzed using GC-MS. An oxytocin induced female mice uterine contraction animal model was employed to evaluate the bioactivity of ＇Si-Wu Decoction＇, ＇Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu decoction＇, and their major constituting herbs. Finally, a mathematic model was established to compare chemical compositions and activity of inhibiting mice uterine contraction in vitro, and the correlation between chemical compositions and bioactivity analyzed using principal components analysis （PCA）. We found that volatile components of ＇Si-Wu Decoction＇ and ＇Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu decoction＇ were mainly derived from Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong, while ＇Xiang-Fu- Si-Wu decoction＇ oil components were partly from Cyperus rotundus and Saussurea lappa. Twenty-two compounds, with a bioactivity contribution greater than or closely related to bioactivity, were obtained using PCA. The compounds, （Z）-ligustilide, cis-ocimene, g-selinene, Spathulenol, 3-butylidene phathalide, and （E）- ligustilide, mainly belong to ＇Si-Wu Decoction＇. The components, Dehydrocostuslactone, Cyperene, β-caryophyllene, γ-selinene, Curcumene, α-elemene, β- cyperone, a-cyperone, （Z）-ligustilide, and Squalene were part of ＇Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu decoction＇. It is apparent that the GC-MS technique, combined with PCA, can be a potential means to evaluate the bioactive components of TCM and TCM formula.