宇宙之镜:莱布尼茨与跨文化诠释学

Mirror of the Universe:Leibnitz and Intercultural Hermeneutics

本文从莱布尼茨在近代诠释学或解释学发展史上的巨大影响开始,试图说明他在跨文化诠释学理论基础方面和跨文化诠释学亲身实践方面的贡献,认为他在两个方面都具有经典意义,即典范意义。本文讨论了三点:第一,莱布尼茨的普遍和谐理论是否对于不同文化之间进行理解和解释的可能性提供了一种哲学说明,从而对于跨文化诠释学的可能性提供了一种哲学论证。第二,简要讨论了莱布尼茨在"关于中国人的自然神学观念的讨论"中的基础思路,看他如何在相异的文化中看到自己的文化,和在自己的文化中看到相异的文化,从而否定存在着纯粹文化和纯粹文化传统。第三,从莱布尼茨及其时代谈论不同文化的习惯方式,提出关于"西方文化"、"东方文化"或者"中国文化"这类说法是否存在着问题,是否和如何可能会导致误解。本文的主要意图是突出探讨跨文化诠释学的基础理念与方法的重要性。

The article starts with the great influences that Leibnitz has mad in the development of modern hermeneutics,and tries to explain his achievements in both the basic theories of intercultural hermeneutics and his own practices in this field,especially his interpretation of the philosophical and religious ideas of the Chinese.Leibnitz is of a classical significance in both aspects.The article discusses three questions:Firstly,whether his theory of the universal harmony gives a philosophical explanation of the possibility to understand and interpret the different cultures.Secondly,the article discusses briefly the basic way of thinking in his 'Discourse on the Natural Theology of the Chinese'.It is the way to see the own in the other cultures and to see the others in the own despite of the differences.Thirdly,from the conventional manner of speech used by Leibnitz and his time about several cultures,the article puts forward the question:whether such manners of speech as 'the Chinese culture','the occidental culture' and 'the oriental culture' contain in themselves the possibilities of misunderstanding and misleading,and how.The main purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of discussion on ideas and methods of intercultural hermeneutics.