巨细胞病毒感染与早期胚胎组织细胞染色体着丝粒及染色体变异关系研究

The study of relationship between the aberration of chromosome,chromosomal centromeric dots of fetus tissue and infection of human cytomegalovirus

目的研究人类巨细胞病毒与早期流产的胚胎组织染色体着丝粒点(Cd)变异的关系,以及导致胚胎染色体畸变机理,探讨人类巨细胞病毒对早期胚胎发育的不良影响。方法选择早期流产的孕妇56例,曾有异常妊娠史3～5次,取静脉血以ELISA法检测人类巨细胞病毒抗体,阴性者(IgG+/IgM-或IgG-/IgM-)作为未感染组,阳性者(IgG+/IgM+或IgG-/IgM+)列为感染组,取其流产的胚胎组织采用常规短期组织培养法制作染色体,以同步银染法观察Cd变异情况,分析变异率与人类巨细胞病毒感染的关系,以G显带进行染色体核型分析,进一步研究Cd变异与胚胎组织染色体畸变的关系,另选择10例做人工流产的胚胎组织为正常对照组。结果56例中共有22例孕妇人类巨细胞病毒抗体阳性,其早期流产胚胎组织Cd畸变率显著高于非感染组和对照组,之间具有极显著性差异,但对照组和未感染组染色体畸变率之间无显著性差异。两组染色体畸变率之间无显著性差异,但均高于对照组,之间均具有显著性差异(P<0.001),结论人类巨细胞病毒可导致早期胚胎组织Cd变异,使细胞分裂时染色体复制错误或丢失,从而引起胚胎发育异常而导致死胎、流产。

Objective：To study the relationship between the aberration of chromosome,chromosomal centrimeric dots（Cd） of tissue of fetus and the infection of human ctomegalovirus.Methods ：56 cases of women who had spontaneous abortion early were studied.Firstly,We examined antibody of humancytomegalovirus（HCMV） in their periferal blood by ELISA.Then they were breakdown into infection group（IgG＋/IgM＋ or IgG-/IgM＋）and no infection group（IgG＋/IgM-or IgG-/IgM-）according to the results of HCMV examined.Their fetus tissue aborted early were prepared chromosomes by short term culture technique.And karyocytes were analyzed by G banding and Cd were analyzed by Simultaneous silver attaining technique.A control group was 10 healthy women who did artificial abortion.Results：22 out of 56 cases were positive of HMCV whose aberration rate of Cd of fetus tissue was higher than group of no infection and the control group,being different significantly.And for the rate of chromosome aberration,there was significantly different between the two groups and the control group,but no significantly different between infection group and no infection group.Conclusion：Human cytomegalovirus can lead to change to Cd of fetus tissue.And the aberration of Cd cause erro in the during of meiosis of germ cells or delete which can lead to aneuploid aberration.