从城市偏向到城乡统筹发展——城市偏向政策影响城乡差距的Panel Data证据

From city-biased development to harmonious urban-rural development-Evidence from the panel data of the influence of city-biased policy on urban-rural gap

发展中国家实现工业化的进程中容易出现城市偏向问题,本文基于城市偏向与城乡差距的理论模型,利用省级面板数据对我国城市偏向政策影响城乡差距的效应进行回归估计和检验。结果发现,城市偏向是城乡差距不断扩大的一个重要原因,固定资产投资及财政支出的城市偏向越明显,城乡差距越大。现阶段我国经济及工业化水平提高对城乡差距产生正效应,城市化及开放程度提高则具有负效应。受之启示,消除二元结构、扭转城市偏向及推进城市化对于缩小我国城乡差距、统筹城乡发展具有重要的现实意义。

The city -biased problem appears frequently in the industrial process in developing countries. Based on the theoretical mode of city bias and urban - rural gap, this article uses provincial panel data to perform regression estimation and test on the effects of the influence of Chinese city - biased policy on urban - rural gap. The results show that urban bias plays an important role in the increasing expansion of urban - rural gap, and that the more fixed assets investment and public spending flow to cities, the greater urban - rural gap becomes. At present, the improvement of Chinese economy and its industrialization level has positive impact on urban - rural gap, while urbanization and the openness have negative effects. Therefore, it is of realistic importance to remove urban - rural dual structure, change city - biased policy and encourage urbanization for shortening the urban - rural gap and harmonizing urban -rural development.