中国诉讼分流的数据分析

Data Analysis of Litigation Diversion in China

改革开放以来,中国诉讼数量迅速增长,但1997年以后诉讼增长率明显降低。对于社会转型期诉讼增长率不升反降的原因,可以从非诉讼纠纷解决机制、司法政策和法院公信力三个方面来分析纠纷的走向。关于诉讼与非诉讼纠纷解决机制的年均增长率、相关系数和比重的数据分析表明,中国诉讼增长率的下降也伴随着人民调解和经济仲裁作用的下降,行政解决机制的增强、不受理的司法政策、诉讼费用改革以及针对司法腐败的一系列制度性建设,遏制了诉讼量的快速增长。

Following reform and opening up,China witnessed a rapid increase in litigation,but the rate of increase has undergone a marked decline since 1997.The reasons this has occurred in a period of social transformation are threefold:a non-litigious dispute-solving mechanism,judicial policy and the credibility of the courts.A data analysis of the average annual rate of increase,the coefficient of correlation,and the respective proportions of litigious and non-litigious dispute-solving mechanisms indicates that the slowing of the rate of increase of litigation has been accompanied by a decrease in the role of the people's mediation and economic arbitration.The rapid increase of lawsuits has been curbed by enhancement of the administrative dispute-solving mechanism,a non-acceptance judicial policy,the reform of legal fees and a series of institution-building measures targeting judicial corruption.