语言的层面与“字本位”的不同层面

Linguistic Levels and the Levels of the Theory of Taking Zi as the Chinese Basic Unit

本文指出,(1)有声语言应该区分为语音、语汇—语法、语义/语用三个大的层面;(2)从共时角度看,文字与语音是并列于语汇—语法层面之下的两个独立层面,它们都是语汇—语法的形式方面;(3)语言和文字一起构成语文大系统。在此基础上,本文着重论证了字本位有不同层面之分:语音分系统的字本位,文字分系统的字本位,语汇—语法层的字本位,汉语文大系统的字本位;并详细讨论了语汇—语法层字本位的表现:单字自由、单音有义双音定义、音节数与语汇单位层级、单双音功能有别、组合同模。

The author first points out ： 1 ） a language system could be divided into three levels of phonology, lexicon-grammar and semantics/pragmatics; 2） from the synchronic point of view, phonology and graphology are two coordinate but independent sub-levels underlying the lexicongrammar level, both are the formal representations of this level ; 3 ） a language as well as its graphological level make up a the different exhibitions super-system of a language. Based on these, the author thus demonstrates of the theory of taking ＂Zi（字） ＂ as the basic unit of Chinese from the following levels ： phonological level, graphological of Chinese. Furthermore, the author discusses unit of the lexicon-grammar level in detail. lvevel, lexicon-grammar level and the super-system the phenomena resulted from ＂Zi（ 字 ） ＂ being basic