政府危机管理中的权责关系探析

On Rights and Responsibilities of Government in Crisis Management

政府危机管理是政府管理的一种特殊形式,包括政府对突发公共事件的应对和政府常态下的危机战略、危机规划、危机预测。我国政府危机管理中存在着危机规划权责缺位、危机预测权责不明、应急处置权责模糊、行政补偿职责虚置的问题,直接导致突发公共事件频发,处置不及时,相关责任人的责任不清晰。严峻的公共安全现状要求我们重新审视政府危机管理权责这一危机管理中的核心问题,将政府危机管理重心前移,设定政府常态下危机规划权责,明确政府应急状态下权责,加强对政府应急管理权力的监督,落实政府危机管理中的行政补偿职责,以实现政府对危机依法、有效的管理。

As a special form of governmental management, crisis management includes government's dealing with unexpected public events, crisis strategy in the normal situation, crisis planning and forecast. The paper examines rights and responsibilities of Chinese government in crisis management and concludes that there exists problems such as absence of rights and responsibilities in crisis planning, unclear rights and duties in crisis forecast and so on. Therefore, it makes some proposals that governmental rights and responsibilities of crisis planning in normal situation should be built and that in urgent situation should be defined.Supervision of government crisis management should be strengthened.