特质标签对儿童错误信念理解的影响

Influences of Trait labels on False Belief Understanding in Chidren

该研究将错误信念任务中主人公加上聪明或笨的标签,以考察特质标签是否会影响儿童对错误信念的理解。360名5－8岁儿童参加实验,每个年龄组儿童随机分配到聪明标签组、无标签组和笨标签组。结果表明：（1）聪明标签会极大地阻碍67、岁儿童理解他人错误信念,对5、8岁儿童没有影响;（2）笨标签对所有年龄组儿童错误信念的理解都没有产生影响。

In the present study, the protagonist of a false belief task was described as ＂smart＂ or ＂stupid＂ in order to examine whether the trait labels are able to affect false belief understanding in children. 360 five- to eight-yera-old children were examined, and each age group was randomly divided into three subgroups （＂smart＂ label group, no label group, ＂stupid＂ label group）. The results indicated as that： （1） ＂smart＂ label greatly hindered six and seven years year-old children understand other＇ false beliefs, but not influenced five and eight year-old children; （2） ＂stupid＂ label had no influence on children at all ages.