云南大理茶与福鼎大白茶种间杂交幼胚的组织培养及亲子鉴定

Tissue Culture of Immature Embryo and Parentage Identification of Hybrids Between Camellia taliensis (W.W.Smish) Melchior and C.sinensis ‘Fuding Dabaicha’

为解决茶树种间杂交不亲和及F1代生长发育困难等问题,在云南大理茶[Camellia taliensis(W.W.Smish)Melchior]与福鼎大白茶(C.sinensis‘Fuding Dabaicha’)间进行了种间杂交试验,随机选取9个F1代杂种幼胚进行了组织培养,其余杂种田间播种,获得福鼎大白茶(♀)×云南大理茶(♂)杂交组合的3个幼胚组培苗株系,而播种的萌芽率为零。应用简单重复区间序列(ISSR)分子标记技术对F1代组培苗进行了亲子鉴定,其中15个随机引物在第1株杂交后代(F1-1)中共扩增出283条ISSR谱带,包括能在双亲中检出的275条和F1-1自身的特异带8条。在第2株杂交后代(F1-2)中有282条谱带能在双亲中检出,在第3株杂交后代(F1-3)中有288条谱带能在双亲中检出。卡平方检验表明,在F1-1、F1-2及F1-3中扩增出的谱带数与亲本中各对应位点所显示的谱带数之间没有显著差异。ISSR鉴定结果证实了杂种的真实性。

In order to solve the problems of interspecies cross in tea plants, such as hybrid incompatiblity and the growth difficulity of filial generations, interspecific hybridization was carried out between ‘Yunnan Dalicha＇ [ Camellia taliensis （W. W. Smish） Melchior ] and‘ Fuding Dabaicha＇ （ C. sinensis）, immature embryos of nine hybrids selected randomly were cultured, and other hybrids were cultured by seeding method. Three tissue culture plantlets of immaure embryo were obtained with selecting‘Yunnan Dalicha＇ as male parent and ‘Fuding Dabaicha＇ as female parent, but germination rate of other hybrids in the field was zero. Parentage identification of filial generation tea plants, which derived from tissue culture of immature embryos of ‘Yunnan Dalicha＇ and ‘Fuding Dabaicha＇ by artificial hybrid method, was carried out with ISSR method. There were 283 bands in which 275 bands were same as their male parent or female parent and 8 bands did not appear in their parents in F1-1 from 15 primers, 282 same bands as their parents in F1-2, and 288 same bands as their parents in F1-3. There were not significant diference among bands between F1-1 （F1-2 or F1-3） and their parents in the same position by X^2 test . ISSR analysis showed that they were really hybrids.