数字流域仿真系统中水流模拟技术

Water Simulation in Digital Valley

水流模拟是数字流域仿真模拟的重点和难点,模拟需求差别很大,不但要模拟水流的自然形态、光影效果,而且要反映水位起伏淹没、流速流态等物理特性。在大型流域实时模拟系统中,需要在计算量和模拟效果两者之间寻求平衡,根据硬件、资料、需求的不同采用不同的模拟方法。总结了数字流域仿真系统中水流模拟的几种常用方法:静态纹理法、纹理变换法、水位与纹理动态变化法、水位波动法、粒子系统;分别阐述了各种方法的实现过程,并结合具体工程实例展示了模拟效果;最后综合讨论了各方法的优缺点及适用范围。

Water simulation is the most important and difficult technique for digital valley, and it not only needs to simulate the natural feature of water, but also needs to display physical character of water, such as the change of water stage, velocity, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to find appropriate water simulation method to achieve the balance between calculation load and simulation effect in real-time simulation of huge valley. Five most common water simulation methods in digital valley system were summarized. They are static texture method, texture switch method, water level and texture changing method, wave method and particle system. The realization technologies of these methods were studied and the strongpoint and shortcoming of these methods were discussed.