基于Lorenz曲线的农村贫困和收入分配状况测度——来自福建省的实证分析

Measure of Poverty and Income Distribution Based on Lorenz Curve——Empirical Analysis on Fujian Province

贫困和收入分配状况的度量是在贫困含义的理解、贫困线的确定、贫困指标体系的选择等3个层次上展开。基于Lorenz曲线的GQ模型和Beta模型,采用《福建统计年鉴》1990-2006年农村居民收入分组和人均收入的面板数据,运用世界银行的POVCAL软件,分别对绝对贫困线、每人每日1$的国际标准贫困线、农村年人均纯收入40%和50%等4条贫困线下的福建省农村贫困和收入分配状况进行测度。结果发现,绝对贫困减少,特别是贫困率指数减少效果显著,但贫困距指数和贫困距平方指数下降幅度较小;相对贫困上升,贫困率、贫困距指数、贫困距平方指数基本保持缓慢上升的态势。

In order to measure poverty and income distribution, it must base on the signification of poverty, confirmation of poverty line and selectivity of poverty indicators. Based on GQ and Beta models, the paper adopted Fujian Statistical Yearbook panel data of rural resident income group and means from 1990 to 2006 , and then used POCVAL software to analogue poverty and income distribution under four poverty lines, ineluding absolute poverty line,IS one person one day, 40% and 50% of average net income in rural, respectively. The result shows that absolute poverty reduced, especially Headcount index, however, poverty gap and squared poverty gap indices dropped slowly. On the other hand, relative poverty including Headcount, poverty gap and squared poverty gap indices almost ascended tardily.