远程校际协作学习中支架教学策略的应用研究

Research of Application of Scaffolding Education Strategy to Distance Inter-University Collaborative Learning

校际协作学习不仅能够促进学生综合能力的提高,更能够促进不同学校之间的交流与分享。本研究的目的是设计和应用教学支架策略指导农村初中开展跨地区校际协作学习。作者依据远程协作学习的主要活动过程,设计了八个维度的远程协作学习的教学支架,并根据本项目的远程协作学习主题"中国地方体育游戏与文化",开发了八个维庹、45个具体的教学支架策略,以支持农村学校有效开展远程协作。这八个维度的教学支架系统包括:目的支架、内容支架、小组任务支架、协作技能支架、数据收集支架、数据加工支架、产品支架和评价支架。全国20个省市的36所学校参与了远程协作。参与远程协作的36所学校的教师对8个维度的45个支架策略进行了评价。结果表明这8个维度的系统教学支架策略对支持和指导学生开展校际协作学习是有效的。作者提出,不仅在学习开始阶段需要支架教学策略,帮助建立新旧知识之间的联系,在远程协作学习的每个阶段都需要支架教学策略,支架教学策略的应用是一个系统的应用。

Inter - university collaborative learning can not only exalt comprehensive capability of students, but also can promote the communication and sharing among different schools to a more extent. However, most of middle and elementary school teachers lack of knowledge and experiences as to how to organize and guide the effective unfolding of inter - university collaborative learning. This research aims to design and use teaching scaffolding strategy to guide primary middle schools in rural areas to carry out across - region inter - school collaborative learning. In accordance with the main activity processes of the distance collaborative learning, the author designed 8 - dimension teaching scaffolding for distance collaborative learning and developed 45 specific teaching scaffolding strategies of 8 dimensions in light of the theme ＂China Local Sports Game and Culture＂, in order to support rural schools to effectively conduct distance collaboration. The 8- dimension teaching scaffolding system includes： object scaffolding, content scaffolding, group task scaffolding, collaborative skill scaffolding, data gathering scaffolding, data processing scaffolding, product scaffolding and evaluation scaffolding. 36 schools of 20 provinces/cities of the country are involved in the distance collaboration. After implementation of the collaborative learning, teachers of these 36 schools made assessment of the 8 -dimension 45 scaffolding strategies. The results show that the systematic teaching scaffolding strategy of 8 dimensions is effective in supporting and guiding the students to conduct inter - university collaborative learning. The author puts forward that scaffolding teaching strategy is not only needed in the initial learning phase for helping establish connections between old and new knowledge, but also in various phases of the distance collaborative learning. The application of scaffolding teaching strategy is the application of a system. It is wished that this research can provide references and experiences for the educators of China to conduct inter- university collaborative learning.