云南省土地生态敏感性评价

Eco-sensitivity assessment of land in Yunnan Province

敏感性评价是分析区域生态环境稳定性的主要方法之一。为了促进土地生态环境建设与保护,实施宏观规划和管理,利用2003年生态环境现状调查资料和相关研究成果,在GIS空间分析技术支持下,从土壤侵蚀、石漠化、生物多样性、地质灾害、水环境5个方面,对云南省土地生态敏感性开展了单要素评价和综合评价。研究结果表明:云南省土地生态环境中度敏感地区和高度敏感地区面积较大,分别占总土地面积的36.67%和46.93%,不敏感地区占10.15%,极敏感地区占的份额最小,只占6.25%。从区域分布来看,中度敏感类型区在全省各个地区均有分布,高度敏感的地区主要分布在滇东北、滇西北以及滇西的部分地区。

For regional social and economic sustainable development, strengthening land ecosystem management at a provincial＇ scale is prerequisite. One of the most important tools is to identify the critical or sensitive area that is easily degraded. So here in a methodology of eco-sensitivity assessment was proposed and a case of Yunnan Province was studied. Eco-sensitivity was defined as the possibility of formation and influenced by natural factors. Land eco-environmental problem diversity, geological disaster and water environment. Based on generation of eco-environment problems in a given region considered are soil erosion, stone desertification, biology the information of eco-environmental investigation of 2003 and previous studies, we have used GIS techniques to integrate the assessments of sensitivity to the five factors. The results show that moderately sensitive areas and highly sensitive areas are dominant, the properties to the total land area are 36. 67% and 46.93% respectively, and the insensitive area accounts for 10.15%, the extremely sensitive area share the smallest proportion, only accounts for 6.25%. Looked from the regional distribution that, the moderate sensitive type area has the distribution in each area of entire province, the highly sensitive area mainly distributes in the northeast and northwest of Yunnan as well as partial areas of Yunnan＇s west.