旅游生态学研究方法评述

Review on research methods of tourism ecology

从旅游生态学的源起、发生和发展入手,通过大量旅游生态研究文献的分析,总结了旅游生态学4类主要研究方法,即:野外研究法,包括野外描述、野外对比和野外模拟等方法;空间分析研究方法,包括景观生态学、地理学及"3S"技术的空间分析等方法;生态环境评价研究方法,包括空气质量评价、旅游区生态容量评价和生态安全(风险)评价等方法;旅游生态管理方法,包括旅游地环境质量价值测算、旅游地规划设计和可持续旅游发展等方法。指出了旅游生态学研究方法存在着难以精确量化和指导性不强等缺限和不足,提出了进一步改进和完善的方向和途径。

From the beginning, occurrence and development of tourism ecology, and by analyzing a great deal of literature of tourism ecology, this paper summarized four main types of method for study on tourism ecology, that is, the method of field research including field description, contrast and imitation, the method of space analyzes including the methods of Landscape ecology, Geography and ＂3S＂ （GIS. GPS.RS）space analysis technical, the method of evaluation on ecological environment including air quality, ecological capacity in tourist area and ecological safety （ risk ）, and the method of ecological management of tourism including calculating the value of environment quality, planning and designing tourist area, and developing sustainable tourism. This paper pointed out that the currently used methods for study on tourism ecology lacked accurate quantity and instruction to practice, and put forward direction and path for further improving the research methods.