健康人群流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行前期和流行期A、C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌抗体水平研究

Study on pre-epidemic and epidemic Neisseria meningitides serogroup A and C specific antibody levels among healthy population in Hefei

目的掌握合肥市健康人群A、C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Nm)抗体水平现状。方法应用重复横断面监测研究模式,以合肥市辖3县4区划分为7个研究地区,在2005-2006,2006-2007年流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行季节流行前期和流行期,采用整群重复抽样方法,应用酶联免疫吸附试验,对健康人群A、C群Nm抗体水平进行调查。结果连续监测健康人群2次流行前期和流行期,实际抽样范围672～690人。2次流行前期和流行期之间A群无差异,C群差异有统计学意义;2次流行期之间A、C群差异均有统计学意义。0～5岁和≥21岁组相对较低,11～15岁、16～20岁、≥21岁组流行期明显上升。同期不同地区之间差异均有统计学意义,肥西县、长丰县呈现明显低抗体水平。结论健康人群中存在一定A、C群Nm抗体水平,结合现状应确保儿童和青少年疫苗有效接种率,加强成人流脑预防控制工作。

Objective The study was conducted to determine the current levels of Neisseria meningitides （Nm） serogroup A and C specific antibodies among healthy population in Hefei. Methods Repeated cross-sectional studies were made to repetitive samples of healthy population in three counties and four districts governed pertaining to Hefei during the pre-epidemic and epidemic periods of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in 2005-2006 and 2006-2007, in order to determine their Nm serogroup A and C specific antibody levels using ELISA. Results The pre-epidemic and epidemic consecutive surveillance had sampled 672-690 healthy individuals. The results confirmed no difference in serogroup A specific antibody levels between the pre-epidemic and the epidemic periods, but distinguishable difference was found in serogroup C specific antibody levels between them. Differences in serogroup A and C specific antibody levels were also revealed between the two epidemic periods. As for the age distribution, children between 0 and 5 years of age, and people above 21 years of age had relatively lower specific antibody levels; whereas in epidemic periods, ll-to-15-year-olds, 16-to- 20-year-olds and those above 21 years of age showed significantly increased antibody levels. Additionally, statistically significant differences were found among different districts during the same period. People in Feixi county and Changfeng county had conspicuously lower antibody levels. Conclusion Given the current situation of Neisseria meningitides serogroup A, C specific antibody levels among healthy population, the vaccination coverage for children and adolescents should be improved, and prevention and control of adult epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis should be strengthened.