微波和超声波在烟碱提取中的作用

Effects of Microwave and Ultrasonic in Nicotine Extracting

采用正交试验设计研究了以蒸馏水为溶剂、微波和超声波为辅助方法的烟碱提取工艺条件,结果表明:影响烟碱提取效率的因素依次为功率、处理时间和液固比;功率对两种辅助方法的烟碱提取率都有极显著的影响。微波提取的最优条件是微波功率230 W,提取时间70 s,液固比40∶1;超声波提取的最优条件是超声波功率400 W,提取时间25 m in,液固比80∶1。微波法提取率高于超声波法,且在时间、温度、液固比相同的条件下比蒸馏水浸提法的提取率可高出约11倍。

By using distilled water as solvent and microwave and ultrasonic as assistant methods, the nicotine extracting technology was studied with orthogonal experiments. The results showed that： the factors in order of their effects on nicotine yield were power 〉 extraction time 〉 ratio of liquid to solid, and the effects of power in the two assistant methods were extremely significant. The optimal extracting conditions were： 1 ） microwave method ： power 230W, extraction time 70 seconds and ratio of liquid to solid 40：1 ; 2） ultrasonic method ： power 400w, extraction time 25 minutes and ratio of liquid to solid 80： 1. The extracting yield by microwave method was higher than that by ultrasonic method, and it was 11 times higher than that by distilled water alone under the same time, temperature and ratio of liquid to solid conditions.