加工番茄高光效特性与其产量和品质的协调性研究

Cooperation in Photosynthetic Efficiency with High Yield and Quality in Processing Tomato Cultivars

以6个加工番茄品种为试材,通过盆栽试验对各品种叶片光合色素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、光合特性以及果实产量和相关品质性状进行了鉴定,探讨不同品种光效特性与产量和品质性状的相关关系及其可能机理。结果表明,番茄由苗期进入花期后,各品种叶片光合色素和可溶性蛋白含量均显著增加,叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素比例亦提高,"库"和"源"的增加呈对应关系;各品种的果实产量与花期叶片净光合速率和可溶性蛋白含量呈正相关,与光合色素含量相关性不显著;在本栽培地区和试验条件下,花期‘石红9号’品种的叶片净光合速率和可溶性蛋白含量以及果实产量显著高于其它品种,且其果实Vc含量、番茄红素含量、可溶性糖含量及糖酸比等品质指标也均表现良好,综合性状最优,而‘UC-82’品种的光合色素含量、番茄红素含量和产量等指标均显著低于其它品种。研究发现,加工番茄品种的高光效特征与产量和品质提高具有一定协调性。

Six processing tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ） cultivars, ＇ UC-82 ＇ （U2）, ＇ Liger 87-5 ＇ （L5）, ＇Shihong-3＇ （S3）, ＇ Shihong-4＇ （S4）, ＇ Shihong-9＇ （S9） and ＇ Shihong-10＇ （S10）, were used in this experiment to determine the fruit yield and quality. Relations of photosynthetic parameters with yield and quality parameters were discussed. According to the experiment ,chlorophyll content, percentage of chlorophyll b （Chl b） and carotenoid （Car） and leaf soluble protein content （Pr） increased in the flower stage compared to the seedling stage. It seems that the enlarging of ＇sink＇ organ was going along with the increasing of ＇source＇ organ. The net photosynthetic rate （Pn） ,Pr and fruit yield of cultivar S9 and S3 were significantly higher than other cultivars. Positive correlations were found between fruit yield and Pn,and also Pr in flowering stage. However, the correlation between fruit yield and Chl was not significant. S9 showed the best performance among the 6 cultivars. The lowest Chl content,lycopene and the fruit yield were found in U2. Chl content, proportion of Chlb and Car increased significantly in flowering stage than those in seedling stage. The results suggested the cooperation in photosynthetic efficiency with fruit yield and quality in processing tomato cultivars.