侧柏乙醇提取物对21种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性

Antifungal Activity of Ethanol Extract from Platycladus orientalis

采用菌丝生长速率法测定了侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)叶、小枝、球果和种子4个不同部位乙醇提取物对21种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。结果显示:(1)在供试浓度为50g/L(相当于干样)时,侧柏各部位乙醇提取物对4种供试植物病原真菌均具有较好抑制作用,其中侧柏叶提取物的抑菌效果最好,对供试葡萄白腐病菌(Conio-thyrium diplodiella)、葡萄黑痘病菌(Elsinoe ampelina)、番茄绵腐病菌(Phytophthora melongenae)和青霉病菌(Penicilliu mexpansum)的EC50分别为:5.424、3.186、8.913和19.000g/L。(2)侧柏叶乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物抑菌活性均较好,在供试浓度为0.5g/L时,石油醚萃取物对苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa mali)和葡萄黑痘病菌(E.ampelina)的抑菌率分别为80.35%和60.23%;乙酸乙酯萃取物对以上2种植物病原菌的抑菌率分别为81.88%和64.06%。结果表明:侧柏叶、小枝、球果和种子乙醇提取物均具有一定抑菌活性,叶乙醇提取物的活性最好,活性成分主要集中在石油醚萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物中。

Based on growth rate methods,antifungal activities of different parts of Platycladus orientalis ethanol extract were assayed against 21 kinds of plant fungi. The results showed the inhibition rates of extract from the leaves,branchlets,cones and seeds of P. orientalis against 4 kinds of plant fungi were notable at 50 g/L （amount to the quality of drying P. orientalis）. The antifungal activity of extract of P. orientalis leaves was best;the EC50 of leaves extract against Coniothyriurn diplodiella ,Elsinoe arnpelina, Phytophthora melongenae and Penicillium expansurn were 5. 424,3. 186,8. 913 and 19. 000 g/L respectively. The antifungal activities of extracts by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol against Valsa mall and E. ampelina was tested,the results showed that the antifungal activities of extracts by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate were both notable. At 0.5 g/L,the inhibition rates of petroleum ether extract against V. mall and E. ampelina were 80.35% and 60.23% respectively. The inhibition rates of ethyl acetate extract were 81.88% and 64. 06% respectively. In one word： the ethanol extract of leaves, branchlets cones and seeds had antifungal activities and the antifungal activity of leaves extract was the best;the inhibition composition was in the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts.