耕作方式和秸秆还田对直播稻田土壤理化性质及其产量的影响

Effects of Tillage Styles and Straw Return on Soil Properties and Crop Yields in Direct Seeding Rice

通过田间试验和土壤理化性质的分析,探讨秸秆还田和土壤耕作方式对直播稻田土壤理化性质和产量的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田使土壤的容重和坚实度降低,总孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度升高,同时提高土壤各层的有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量;深耕有利于培肥地力,增加土壤养分含量。不同土壤耕作深度和秸秆还田量对产量影响差异不显著,但农田的可持续发展能力得到了一定提高,同时,秸秆还田还能减少焚烧事件的发生,改善农村生态环境,实现农业清洁生产。

Through field located experiment and some analysis of soil physical and chemical properties, the effect of tillage styles and straw retrun on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yields in direct seeding rice was studied. The results indicated that straw return reduced soil bulk density, increased soil porosity and the non-capillary porosity, and increased soil organic matter, available N, available P and available K. The deep-plough style could improve soil fertility. Effects of tillage styles and straw return on crop yield had no significant difference. At the same time, straw return also could decrease rice straw burning, improve country ecological environment and realize clean agriculture production.