不同施肥条件下婆婆纳、小花糖芥、离子草三种麦田杂草根际养分状况研究

Nutrient Content in Rhizospheric Soil of Three Weed Species(Veronica agrestis L.,Erysimum cheiranthoides L.,and Chorispora tenella(pall).)in Winter Wheat Field under Different Fertilization Treatments

利用根袋法研究了不同施肥条件下婆婆纳、小花糖芥、离子草三种麦田杂草根际养分状况。结果表明:无论施用N肥与否,婆婆纳比其它两种杂草有着更强地利用非根际土壤中速效N的能力;不施用P肥时,离子草比其它两种杂草有着更强地活化根际土壤中P素养分的能力;无论施用K肥与否,婆婆纳根际土壤速效K水平要明显低于其它两种杂草。因而,三种杂草中,婆婆纳更能适应低N养分土壤,离子草更能适应低P养分土壤,而小花糖芥与离子草则比婆婆纳更能适应低K养分土壤。

Veronica agrestis L., Erysimum cheiranthoides L., and Chorispora tenella （pall）.are three important weed species in winter wheat field. In our previous study, The three weed species were found to become dominant under different fertilization in weed community, respectively. Such as, V. agrestis was the most dominant weed species when no N fertilizer was applied, however, it was C. tenella（pall） when no P fertilizer was applied, and C. tenella（pall） and E. cheiranthoides became more abundant than V. agrestis in the field with no K fertilizer applied. To elucidate their happening in the field, the available N, P, and K in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil of V. agrestis, C. tenella （pall）. and E. cheiranthoides were studied with pot trials in green house. The result showed V. agrestis absorbed more available N from non-rhizospheric soil than C. tenella （pall）. and E. cheiranthoides with or without N fertilizer applying; the available P in rhizosphere of C. tenella （pall）. was higher than that of the other two weed species when no P was applied; and the available K in rhizosphere of C. tenella （pall.） and E. cheiranthoides was more abundant than that of V. agrestis in K fertilization or no K fertilization treatments. So, it suggested V. agrestis had the best advantage to grow in soil with low available N content among the three weed species, but it was C. tenella（pall.） in Pdeficient soil, and C. tenella（pall.） and E. cheiranthoides in K-deficient soil.